DIXIE CHOPPER LT2300-50 Service Manual

The Dixie Chopper LT2300-50 is a commercial-grade zero-turn mower designed for heavy-duty performance in professional landscaping environments. This service manual section provides a concise yet thorough overview of the machine’s core design philosophy, intended usage, and critical safety considerations. Operators should approach maintenance with an understanding of how hydraulic systems, transmission components, and cutting deck assemblies interact to deliver reliable cutting performance and long service life. Regular inspection of safety interlocks, blade engagement mechanisms, and control linkage is essential to prevent accidental operation and to ensure consistent cut quality. A solid grasp of the machine’s baseline specifications sets the foundation for accurate diagnostics and efficient repairs.

Before delving into repair and maintenance procedures, it is important to acknowledge the safety framework that governs all work on the LT2300-50. The mower utilizes high-pressure hydraulic circuits, dual-drive systems, and a robust cutting deck that can spin at high speeds. Proper lockout-tagout procedures, removal of the ignition key, and securing the engine area to prevent unintentional starting are mandatory steps during any service activity. Personal protective equipment, including eye and hearing protection, gloves, and sturdy footwear, should be worn at all times. Understanding discharge paths, blade sharpness, and potential pinch points helps technicians minimize the risk of injury during routine blade servicing and deck engagement checks.

The LT2300-50 features a 50-inch cutting deck paired with a high-capacity engine and a drivetrain designed to maximize uptime in demanding mowing scenarios. Model specifications cover engine displacement and power output, fuel system type, transmission configuration, hydraulic pump capacity, and electrical system voltage. A dependable lubrication plan and cooling system management are necessary to sustain peak performance in hot weather or extended operation. This section outlines the importance of verifying serial numbers, model year, and any factory-installed optional equipment, as these factors influence recommended service intervals and torque specifications for fasteners. Accurate identification ensures that technicians apply the correct procedures, replacement parts, and update notices from Dixie Chopper’s technical support network.

In terms of safety information and initial precautions, emphasize the critical role of proper yard and workspace setup. Confirm that the mowing environment is free of bystanders, debris, and loose obstacles that could be projected by the cutting deck or thrown by the propulsion system. Ensure that the machine is on firm, level ground before performing service tasks that require access beneath the deck or around the belt and pulley assemblies. It is also essential to release hydraulic pressure and relieve stored energy before disconnecting lines or removing components. Documenting the condition of safety guards, operator presence switches, and blade brake systems prior to any work can help identify wear patterns and prevent inadvertent engagement after reassembly.

Equipment specifications and model overview for the Dixie Chopper LT2300-50 include key dimensions, weight, and payload considerations that affect maneuverability and stability during operation and transport. The drive system uses independent hydraulic motors or a closed-loop hydraulic pathway configured to deliver proportional propulsion to each wheel, enabling tight turning radii and precise steering control. The cutting deck is designed for consistent blade tip speed, with a robust spindle assembly and balanced blades to minimize vibration. Electrical features such as the dash instrumentation, fault indicators, and safety interlock wiring are covered to aid in diagnosing sensor or switch failures. Understanding these specifications helps technicians anticipate service needs, such as lubrication points, belt tension checks, and cooling fin cleaning, which all contribute to maintaining peak performance and operator safety over the machine’s service life.

The Dixie Chopper LT2300-50 service manual section on Preparation and Tools for Maintenance provides a clear roadmap for gathering the correct equipment before starting any repair or routine maintenance. Begin by compiling a comprehensive list of required tools and replacement parts tailored to the LT2300-50 model, ensuring that all items are rated for outdoor power equipment and compatible with Dixie Chopper specifications. This preparation minimizes downtime and reduces the risk of improvising with improper hardware, which could lead to damaged components or safety hazards. It is advisable to organize tools in a labeled tray or case and to verify part numbers against the machine’s model plate to avoid ordering errors. Maintain a spare parts inventory that includes filters, belts, gaskets, lubricants, and common fasteners, so you can address frequent wear points without delays. A detailed parts list should accompany any service work to facilitate rapid reordering and documentation for maintenance records.

Workspace setup and safety measures are essential for performing maintenance on the LT2300-50 with minimal risk to the technician and the equipment. Choose a well-ventilated, level area with sufficient lighting and a solid surface large enough to accommodate the mower with the deck lowered and stabilized. Use wheel chocks to prevent unintended movement and set the parking brake before any disassembly begins. Personal protective equipment such as safety glasses, gloves, and hearing protection should be worn at all times, and a fire extinguisher should be easily accessible in case of fuel spills or electrical faults. A clean, organized work zone with a dedicated disposal area for oily rags and a container for used parts helps maintain safety and environmental compliance during the maintenance procedure. Establish a communication plan and ensure that all tools and parts are accounted for before reassembly to support traceability and safety compliance.

Additional preparation considerations include verifying battery condition and charging state, as some maintenance tasks require stable voltage to power control modules. Review the LT2300-50’s service manual for torque specifications, lubrication points, and hydraulic or fuel system precautions, and prepare the correct lubricants and sealants specified by Dixie Chopper. It is prudent to document any unusual noises, leaks, or wear patterns observed during pre-maintenance inspection, as these notes will guide replacement decisions and future preventive actions. Ensure that a clean, dry surface is used for labeling and staging removed parts to prevent cross-contamination and identify components that require replacement. By coordinating tool readiness, parts availability, and a rigorous safety protocol, maintenance work on the LT2300-50 can proceed efficiently and with a high degree of reliability.

In terms of tools, a standard metric and SAE toolkit should include metric wrenches, socket sets, torque wrenches with appropriate ranges, pliers, screwdrivers, and a digital multimeter for electrical checks. Specific Dixie Chopper guidance often calls for the correct alignment tools, pry bars with protective covers, a brake cleaner for chassis components, and a high-grade degreaser for engine and transmission areas. A parts bin labeled with section numbers helps locate items quickly, while a dedicated hand-cleaning station and rags ensure that grime does not contaminate precision components. For replacement parts, ensure you have fresh filters, gaskets, belts, and seals that match the LT2300-50’s specifications, and confirm the presence of serviceable manuals or retrofit advisories from the manufacturer. Keeping a clear record of assembled parts and their torque values after completion supports future maintenance cycles and helps preserve the machine’s performance and safety margins.

Electrical and wiring systems

The electrical and wiring systems of the Dixie Chopper LT2300-50 are designed to deliver reliable power to propulsion, cutting, and auxiliary components while providing safety features that protect both the operator and the machine. A clear understanding of the overall electrical layout helps identify potential issues quickly and ensures proper maintenance without compromising performance. Start with a visual inspection of the main wiring harnesses, connectors, and protective coverings, noting any signs of abrasion, corrosion, or heat damage. Use a properly rated multimeter to verify voltage at critical points and to confirm continuity along the circuit paths described in the service procedures. Always disconnect the battery before performing any invasive electrical work to prevent accidental short circuits or personal injury. Maintain clean, dry connections and protect exposed wiring from vibration-induced wear by securing harnesses with appropriate clamps and ties.

The LT2300-50 uses a 12-volt electrical system with a master battery that supplies power to the charging circuit, lighting, control modules, and hydraulic or drive components as required. The distribution network is organized to minimize voltage drop and to isolate high-current loads from sensitive electronics. It is crucial to keep battery terminals free of corrosion and to ensure that all ground points have a solid connection to the chassis. Regularly inspect the main power cable for signs of fraying or insulation damage, especially near moving parts or routing junctions. When diagnosing electrical faults, start at the power source and work outward through the harness, checking fuses, relays, and control modules in a logical sequence to avoid misdiagnosis.

Battery and charging system procedures

Begin with the battery health assessment, verifying electrolyte levels if applicable and confirming that the battery is holding a proper charge with a calibrated automotive-type or equipment-grade charger. Inspect the battery hold-downs and terminals for secure mounting and corrosion resistance; clean and reseal as necessary with a non-conductive battery protectant. The charging system includes an alternator or alternator-type regulator and a charging wire harness that maintains a steady voltage under varying engine speeds and load conditions. Check the alternator belt tension and pulley alignment to ensure efficient charging without excessive slip or noise. When performing charging system tests, monitor voltage at the battery terminals across idle, high idle, and under load to verify that the system maintains the expected voltage range. If charging irregularities are detected, inspect the voltage regulator, wiring harness connectors, and grounds for loose connections or damage.

Fuses and relays inspection and replacement

Fuses and relays act as protective elements that prevent electrical fires and component damage by interrupting fault currents. Begin with a visual inspection of fuse holders and relay sockets for signs of overheating, corrosion, or foreign material that could create poor contact. Replace any blown fuses with exact-rated equivalents and verify that the replacement parts are clean and fully seated in their sockets. Relays should click distinctly when energized; if a relay is sluggish or non-operational, test continuity and coil resistance according to the OEM specifications and replace as needed. Maintain a clean fuse and relay panel area to reduce the likelihood of moisture ingress or contaminant buildup, and ensure that all protective covers are reinstalled after service. For ongoing reliability, document all replaced components and perform a post-service electrical function test to confirm that all circuits are operating within expected parameters.

Engine overview and specifications The Dixie Chopper LT2300-50 is a heavy-duty commercial-grade mowing unit designed for high-performance, reliability, and long service life under demanding operating conditions. This section covers the core engine characteristics, fuel compatibility, cooling considerations, and basic engine layout to provide a solid foundation for maintenance and diagnostics. The powerplant typically features a dependable industrial gasoline engine tailored for continuous operation, with emphasis on robust intake, exhaust, and charging systems. Familiarize yourself with the engine serial number, model, and horsepower rating to ensure you source the correct service parts and follow the manufacturer’s torque specifications during assembly. For optimal performance, adhere to the recommended operating envelope, including ambient temperature, altitude, and permissible load ranges, which influence fuel-air mixture and cooling efficiency. Regularly inspect air intake paths, fuel lines, and protective shrouding to prevent debris ingress and ensure consistent engine breathing. Fuel system maintenance and troubleshooting The LT2300-50 fuel system is designed for high reliability and clean, consistent fuel delivery. Begin with a visual inspection of all fuel lines, clamps, and connections for signs of cracking, leaks, or deterioration, and replace any suspect components before operation. Maintain clean fuel by using the recommended octane rating and fuel type, and consider keeping a fresh fuel supply to minimize varnish buildup in carburetors or injectors. The fuel filter should be inspected at regular intervals and replaced according to the maintenance schedule or whenever flow restriction is evident. When diagnosing starting or performance issues, verify fuel pump operation, inspect for air leaks in the suction side, and confirm the integrity of the fuel rail or carburetor metering components. In instances of hard starting or misfiring, perform a fuel system flow test, check for blocked passages, and ensure that venting is not restricted by a clogged charcoal canister or atmospheric vent lines. For stored fuel, use appropriate stabilizers and follow proper storage practices to prevent degradation and gum formation that can impair injector or carburetor performance. Lubrication and oil system care A clean, consistently lubricated engine is essential for maintaining longevity and performance of the Dixie Chopper LT2300-50. Use the manufacturer-recommended viscosity grade and oil type, and replace the oil at the intervals specified in the service data plate or maintenance schedule. Before any oil-related service, allow the engine to cool and drain the old oil into an appropriate container, then replace the filter if the design uses a cartridge or spin-on element. When refilling, do not overfill, as excessive oil can cause foaming, oil leaks, or increased crankcase pressure. Regularly check oil level with the dipstick, identify any oil consumption trends, and inspect for signs of contamination such as coolant, fuel, or metal particles, which may indicate internal wear or gasket failures. Keep the oil cooler and related passages free of obstructions and debris, as restricted cooling can elevate oil temperatures and shorten component life. Document oil change dates and viscosity changes to maintain a consistent lubrication regime across the engine’s service life. Additional notes on general service practices Adopt a systematic approach to engine and fuel system servicing by maintaining clean work surfaces, using proper tools, and following torque specifications to prevent gasket leaks or component loosening under vibration. Maintain a clean air filtration setup, replacing or cleaning the air filter according to the machine’s operating hours and environmental conditions, particularly in dusty or sandy environments. When diagnosing engine issues, use manufacturer-approved service manuals and torque charts to ensure correct installation of fasteners, seals, and sensors. Establish a routine of pre-operation checks that include battery voltage, charging system health, coolant level, and visible fluid leaks, so minor problems can be detected before they escalate into costly failures. Finally, maintain a precise record of parts replaced, service dates, and observed symptoms to support ongoing reliability and to assist future maintenance decisions.

DIXIE CHOPPER LT2300-50 Service Manual

Hydraulic and drivetrain systems

Hydraulic system fundamentals The hydraulic system on the LT2300-50 is designed to provide smooth, precise control over cutting deck height, drive functions, and auxiliary hydraulic operations. Begin by inspecting the reservoir for proper fluid level and confirming there are no signs of contamination, such as milky coloration or visible particulates. Check all hydraulic hoses and fittings for signs of wear, cracking, or leakage at connection points and along bends where flexing occurs during operation. When verifying system pressure, use the recommended gauge placement and follow the manufacturer’s specified procedures to avoid over-pressurization, which can damage seals and fittings. It is essential to ensure that the hydraulic pumps are free from air entrainment; if air is suspected, cycle the lift controls to purge the lines and refill with clean, compatible hydraulic fluid to the proper level. Additionally, routinely inspect the hydraulic filters for clogging and replace them according to the maintenance schedule to maintain optimal flow and prevent differential pressure spikes that can degrade performance. Transmission and drive belt inspection The LT2300-50 relies on a robust belt and pulley arrangement to transfer engine power to the drive wheels, with belts subject to wear from load, heat, and debris exposure. Begin by removing the belt access panels and performing a visual inspection for fraying, cracking, glazing, or elongation beyond the manufacturer’s tolerance. Measure belt tension with the recommended method and adjust to the specified range to avoid slipping or excessive wear, which can reduce traction and fuel efficiency. Inspect pulleys for groove wear, misalignment, or damage that could lead to belt mistracking; ensure the belts sit properly in all pulley grooves and that guide rollers rotate freely without binding. In addition, examine belt tensioners, idlers, and mounts for wear or looseness, replacing any worn components to maintain consistent drive performance. After reseating belts, run the engine at a low idle to observe belt operation and listen for unusual noises that may indicate misalignment or foreign material wedging between pulleys and belts. Hydraulic fluid service and filtration Maintaining clean hydraulic fluid is critical to the LT2300-50’s performance and longevity. Start by confirming the hydraulic fluid type recommended by Dixie Chopper for the LT2300-50; using the correct viscosity ensures proper lubrication, cooling, and seal performance. Drain and replace hydraulic fluid at the intervals specified in the service schedule, ensuring complete removal of old fluid and residues that could contaminate the new fill. Replace the hydraulic filters during fluid service or earlier if pressure differential readings indicate they are clogged or nearing capacity; install new filters with attention to correct orientation and seating to prevent bypass leaks. After servicing, refill to the exact fluid level and prime the system by cycling the controls to expel any trapped air. Finally, perform a functional test over a short operational cycle to verify that hydraulic actuators respond smoothly, without lag or cavitation, and monitor for any leaks or abnormal temperatures that could indicate a control or seal issue.

The cooling system in the Dixie Chopper LT2300-50 is a critical component that maintains engine temperatures within safe operating limits, preventing overheating and ensuring consistent performance during long mowing sessions. Regular inspection and maintenance of the cooling system help extend engine life and prevent costly damage. Start by checking the coolant level in the expansion tank and radiator reservoir, ensuring it is within the recommended range when the engine is cool. Inspect for signs of coolant leaks, such as damp spots, puddles under the machine, or seepage around hose clamps and fittings. If the coolant appears discolored or contains debris, flush and replace it according to the manufacturer’s intervals, using the specified coolant type and mixture ratio for optimal corrosion protection. Maintain clean airways by ensuring the radiator fins are free of dirt, grass, and debris, which can impede airflow and cause heat buildup during operation.

Radiator and hoses are integral to the cooling process and require periodic examination for wear and integrity. Visually inspect the radiator for bent fins, punctures, or any obstruction that could reduce cooling efficiency. Use a soft brush or compressed air to carefully remove debris from between the fins, taking care not to damage the delicate surfaces. Examine radiator hoses for cracks, swelling, hardness, or soft spots that indicate aging or damage. Feel along hoses while the system is cool to detect hidden leaks or bulges, and replace any compromised hoses with OEM-spec parts to maintain proper pressure and flow. Ensure clamps are tight and secure, but avoid overtightening which can damage hose material. After performing inspections, verify that the cooling fan operates smoothly and engages as designed when the engine reaches normal operating temperatures.

Exhaust system inspection and replacement cover safety and performance considerations essential to reducing emissions, protecting operators, and maintaining engine efficiency. Begin with a visual check of the exhaust manifold, pipes, and muffler for cracks, holes, or loose connections that could allow exhaust leaks or reduce backpressure management. Listen for unusual noises such as clattering or excessive exhaust sound, which may indicate mounting hardware wear or damaged components. Inspect mounting brackets and springs for wear or corrosion, ensuring all fasteners are secure and free from excessive vibration. Examine the catalytic converter (if equipped) and associated sensors for signs of deterioration or clogging, replacing components that show signs of age or failure. When replacing exhaust parts, use OEM-compatible parts and follow torque specifications to avoid leaks and ensure proper exhaust routing. After maintenance, perform a functional check by starting the engine and observing for exhaust smoke, leaks, or abnormal odor, and confirm that the exhaust system safely directs emissions away from the operator and critical components.

Diagnostics and troubleshooting

When diagnosing performance issues on the Dixie Chopper LT2300-50, begin with a systematic inspection of the most common failure points. Start by verifying fuel delivery, air intake, and electrical connections to confirm that there are no simple, external causes such as a clogged fuel filter, dirty air filter, or loose wiring harnesses. Use a clean, well-lit workspace and document any abnormal sounds, vibrations, or heating odors observed during operation. Checking fluid levels and ensuring that all safety interlocks are functioning correctly can prevent misdiagnosis and protect the operator from unintended equipment movement. Always isolate the power source before performing in-depth inspections to avoid accidental activation of blades or drive components. By establishing a baseline of normal operation, you can more quickly identify deviations that point to specific subsystems needing repair or replacement.

Symptom based troubleshooting guide focuses on observable performance changes and aligns them with probable root causes. If the engine cranks but does not start, inspect the fuel system, including the tank venting, fuel lines, and carburetor settings, while ensuring the spark plug is clean and properly gapped. For loss of power during operation, evaluate the air filter, intake restrictions, exhaust flow, and ignition timing, as well as possible overheating due to a blocked cooling path or debris accumulating around the engine. If the mower experiences misfiring or rough running, perform a coil and spark plug check, inspect wiring for insulation damage, and scan for vacuum leaks that could destabilize the air-fuel mixture. In cases of excessive vibration, examine blade balance, spindle bearings, belt tensions, and the condition of the chassis mounts to ascertain structural integrity. Whenever an abnormal symptom is observed, compare current readings with known specification ranges and record deviations for future service planning.

Error codes and indicators interpretation details the standardized signals provided by the LT2300-50’s onboard diagnostics. Start with the dashboard indicators and verify that every warning light corresponds to the documented fault categories, such as ignition, fuel, hydraulic, or transmission issues. Many codes are triaged by checking associated sensor inputs and control module status, which helps differentiate between transient faults and persistent failures. When an error code appears, cross-reference it with service manuals to identify the affected subsystem and recommended corrective actions, then perform appropriate tests to confirm the fault before replacing components. If multiple codes appear simultaneously, prioritize issues that directly affect safety and machine operability, such as throttle control, brake engagement, or drive system faults, and address those first. After repair, clear the codes using the appropriate diagnostic tool, restart the machine, and verify that each indicator returns to normal operation, ensuring there are no recurring faults that could indicate intermittent wiring or sensor degradation. Maintain a detailed log of all codes observed, actions taken, and test results to support future maintenance planning and warranty considerations.

The Dixie Chopper LT2300-50 is engineered for reliable, high-performance operation, and adherence to a structured maintenance schedule is essential to preserve cutting efficiency, fuel efficiency, and safety. Begin with a clearly defined preventive maintenance plan that aligns with the operating hours and environmental conditions typical of your terrain. Regularly scheduled checks reduce the risk of unexpected breakdowns and extend the working life of critical components such as the engine, transmission, blades, and hydraulic systems. Establish a routine that includes visual inspections, measurement verifications, and torque checks to ensure all fasteners remain secure and within factory tolerances. Documenting each maintenance activity helps future technicians trace service history and plan replacements before failures occur. A disciplined approach to maintenance also supports warranty compliance and resale value by demonstrating ongoing care and appropriate use of the machine.

Preventive maintenance checklist: Start each session with a thorough exterior inspection, looking for signs of wear, leaks, or damage. Check engine oil level and quality, and replace or top off as specified by the manufacturer’s interval chart. Inspect air filters for contamination and replace them if they are dirty or restricted, ensuring the engine breathes clean air for optimal combustion. Evaluate the fuel system for leaks, and drain the fuel filter or replace fuel lines if there is any signs of deterioration. Examine the cooling system, including the radiator and hoses, for blockages, leaks, or soft spots, and ensure coolant levels meet the recommended specifications. Inspect the cutting blades for wear, nicks, and balance, and rotate or replace blades as necessary to maintain even cut quality and reduce vibration. Verify the belt tension and integrity on driven components, and replace worn belts to prevent slippage or overheating. For hydraulic systems, check fluid levels, look for signs of contamination, and replace filters following the recommended service interval. Finally, test safety systems such as guards, kill switches, and seat sensors to guarantee proper operation and operator protection. Each item should be logged with date, hours, and any action taken to maintain a complete record for future reference.

Service log and parts replacement history: Maintain a dedicated service log for the LT2300-50 that records every maintenance action, inspection finding, and part replacement. Use consistent entries that include date, engine hours, operator observations, and any discrepancies found during the inspection. When parts are replaced, note the exact part number, supplier, batch/serial information if applicable, and the installation technician. Track consumables like filters, lubricants, and blades with reorder points to ensure timely restocking and to avoid service delays. Keep the log aligned with the manufacturer’s recommended service intervals, adjusting for operating conditions such as dust, localized heat, or high-load usage. Periodically review the history to identify recurring issues or components approaching their end of service life, and plan proactive replacements before imminent failures. This structured approach to maintenance records supports traceability, simplifies warranty claims, and provides a valuable historical dataset for optimizing uptime and performance of the LT2300-50.

Disassembly best practices: Begin with a thorough preparation of the work area, ensuring clean surfaces, proper lighting, and clearly labeled storage for fasteners and small components. Document the sequence of removal with photos or notes to avoid confusion during reassembly, and always disconnect the battery or power source as a first step to prevent accidental startup. Use the correct tools and avoid forcing parts; when a fastener resists, inspect for hidden clips, safety interlocks, or service access panels that may require specific release procedures. Maintain a clean, organized workspace by laying out a magnetic tray for screws and a labeled bin for different assemblies, and protect delicate surfaces with brake cleaner-free rags or soft covers to prevent scratches. Maintain a consistent order of disassembly so that you can mirror the process during reassembly, and adhere to safety practices such as locking out hydraulic systems, relieving stored energy, and wearing appropriate PPE when handling sharp edges or hot components. When removing components, note any dowel pins, shims, or alignment guides to ensure precise reinstallation and prevent misalignment that could affect performance or safety.

Disassembly best practices (continued): Inspect components for wear, corrosion, or damage as you go, identifying parts that require replacement rather than reuse. Use calibrated torque wrenches or tension gauges where applicable to avoid over-tightening fasteners, which can strip threads or distort housings. If a component proves difficult to remove due to corrosion or seizing, apply a suitable penetrating lubricant and allow time for it to work, and consider gentle heat application with caution to avoid damaging surrounding materials. Maintain a timeline and reference points for complex assemblies, such as the cutting deck, drive system, or hydraulic units, so that you can verify original positions and clearances during reassembly. Finally, document any deviations from the original configuration and store service manuals or OEM bulletins for future reference, ensuring that you can reproduce the procedure accurately if the unit is returned for service or troubleshooting.

Reassembly steps and torque specifications: Begin reassembly by aligning components carefully, reinstalling any shims or dowel pins and confirming that mating surfaces are clean and free of debris. Reconnect electrical or hydraulic lines using the original routing paths, and hand-tighten fasteners before final torque application to avoid cross-threading or misalignment. For each fastener, follow the specified torque values from the service manual and use a torque wrench set to the correct scale, ensuring even tightening in a crisscross or star pattern where applicable to promote uniform clamping force. After initial torque, perform a secondary pass to reach full specification and recheck critical clearances or runout with appropriate measuring tools, such as a feeler gauge or dial indicator. Reconnect any safety interlocks or sensors, then conduct a functional test in a controlled environment, verifying that no leaks, abnormal noises, or binding conditions are present. Finally, perform a post-reassembly inspection, checking that all fasteners are secured, hoses are routed properly, and protective guards or covers are in their original positions, ready for a calibration run and field testing under safe, supervised conditions.