CRAFTSMAN 917.270514 Service Manual
Overview and safety information
The purpose of this manual is to provide detailed guidance for servicing and maintaining the CRAFTSMAN 917.270514 yard equipment. It outlines the intended use, the major subassemblies, common maintenance tasks, and procedures to safely diagnose and repair issues that may arise during normal operation. The manual is designed for trained technicians with access to standard workshop facilities and the proper protective gear. Following the specifications and recommended service intervals helps ensure optimal performance, safety, and longevity of the machine. This section establishes the foundation for a systematic approach to troubleshooting, repair, and preventative maintenance.
Safety warnings and general precautions are placed at the forefront to reduce the risk of injury to personnel and damage to equipment. Always disconnect power sources before performing any service work, and verify that all moving parts are fully inert before handling or disassembly. Use appropriate personal protective equipment such as safety glasses, gloves, and hearing protection as required by the task. Read and understand all warnings, cautions, and instructions associated with specific components, including fuel systems, electrical circuits, and cutting surfaces. Exercise caution around sharp edges, hot surfaces, and stored energy components, and keep bystanders away from the work area to prevent accidents. Proper ventilation is essential when working with fuels, solvents, or lubricants to avoid harmful fumes or ignition risks. Maintain a clean and organized workspace to prevent lost fasteners and misidentified parts during reassembly.
Required tools and test equipment are listed to enable accurate assessment and safe service of the unit. A standard toolset including screwdrivers, socket wrenches, pliers, torque wrench, and alignment tools will cover most routine maintenance tasks. Specific tasks may require specialty items such as circlip pliers, bearing pullers, or fuel line clamps, so consult task-specific instructions within the manual. A digital multimeter, a test light, and a suitable service manual are essential for diagnosing electrical and sensor-related issues. For fuel and lubrication systems, have correctly rated containers, funnels, and approved cleaners available, along with reference data for correct oil types and capacities. It is important to verify the correct part numbers and compatibility before replacement to ensure reliable operation after service. Regular calibration checks and test runs after maintenance help confirm that all systems are functioning within specification and safely. When in doubt, consult the manufacturer’s service bulletin or seek guidance from a qualified technician to avoid misdiagnosis or improper repair.
Machine identification and specifications
The CMAFT methodology for identifying a machine begins with locating the model and serial number plates, which are typically mounted on the frame near the operator’s area or under accessible panels. For the CRAFTSMAN 917.270514, verify both the model and serial numbers before any maintenance or repair work, as accurate documentation ensures correct parts compatibility and service procedures. Record the alphanumeric identifiers exactly as stamped, including any prefixes or suffixes, and note the manufacture date if presented on the plate. When removing panels to access identification tags, exercise care to reinstall them securely to protect electrical connections and moving components from foreign debris.
Key specifications for the machine include engine type, horsepower (or kilowatt rating), cooling method, transmission configuration, and drive system details. The powertrain typically combines a lawn tractor chassis with a gasoline engine and a belt-driven mower deck, designed for reliable trimming and mowing performance. Pay particular attention to voltage requirements for any electric start systems and the recommended operating speeds for the transmission in different terrains. Recording these specifications helps determine service intervals, suitable replacement parts, and whether any upgrades or retrofits are feasible within the manufacturer’s guidelines.
Accessory compatibility and options expand the functionality of the machine beyond its base configuration. Common accessories may include a bagging system, mulching kit, lawn sweeper, and compatible attachments such as snow plows or dethatchers, depending on the year and trim level of the model. Confirm which accessories were originally shipped or are officially listed as compatible by the manufacturer to avoid interference with the drive system or deck operation. When selecting aftermarket options, verify that they meet the same specifications for mounting points, clearance, and electrical or hydraulic interfaces to maintain safety and performance standards.
Initial inspection and preparation
The first step in any maintenance or repair task is to establish a safe and organized workspace. Remove all tools, parts, and debris from the work area to prevent slips or misplacement of critical components. Inspect the exterior of the equipment for any obvious damage, cracks, or bent hardware that could affect alignment or operation. Verify that the unit is on a stable, level surface and that the power source or battery connections are accessible without exposing the technician to moving parts. Handling the equipment gently during unpacking reduces the risk of cosmetic or functional damage that could complicate diagnostics later in the process.
Unpacking and handling guidelines emphasize keeping all packaging materials intact until the unit is fully inspected. Carefully remove panels or covers in a systematic order, taking care not to use excessive force on fasteners or plastic housings. Maintain organization by segregating screws and small fasteners to prevent loss, using labeled containers if available. If the unit was shipped with accessories or consumables, verify that all items listed in the packing slip are present and undamaged. Document any discrepancies with photographs and notes to support warranty or return processes if needed.
Pre maintenance inspection checklist is designed to identify obvious issues before disassembly. Check fluid levels and condition, noting any signs of contamination or leakage around the seals, gaskets, and drain plugs. Inspect belts, pulleys, and drive gears for wear, cracking, or glazing, and assess tension where applicable. Look for torn or frayed electrical harnesses, damaged insulation, or loose connectors, and ensure that grounding points are secure. Confirm that safety devices and guards are intact and present, as missing components can pose immediate hazards during operation or testing.
Safety interlocks and operational checks ensure the unit cannot start in an unsafe condition and that control systems respond correctly. Test starter and kill switches to confirm they engage and disengage as designed, and verify that emergency stop functions halt all functions promptly. If the equipment includes a blade brake or chute control, perform a non-operational test to confirm proper disengagement when requested. Inspect safety interlock wiring for continuity with the power off to prevent false readings during live testing. Document all observed conditions, and proceed with service steps only after confirming that the unit is safely isolated from power sources and that personal protective equipment is in use.
The engine quick reference and troubleshooting section provides a concise overview of the common symptoms, probable causes, and recommended remedies for a small engine of this category. Begin with a careful inspection of the air intake, ignition system, and fuel delivery to identify issues such as hard starting, rough running, or loss of power. Document observed symptoms, including engine RPM behavior, unusual noises, or smoke, and cross-reference these with the manufacturer’s troubleshooting guide. Use a methodical approach: verify spark, confirm fuel flow, and check compression if symptoms persist after basic checks. Maintain a consistent routine for safety, ensuring the engine is cool, disconnecting the spark plug lead when performing any internal inspection, and using the correct replacement parts specified for the model. Record any corrective actions and the results to build a usable service history for future maintenance.
Air filter inspection and replacement is a critical step in preserving engine performance and longevity. A clean air filter prevents dust and debris from entering the carburetor and cylinder, reducing wear and improving fuel efficiency. Inspect the filter element for signs of staining, tearing, or excessive dirt buildup; if any damage is present or airflow is compromised, replace the filter with an OEM-approved part. When cleaning is permissible by the service manual, use an appropriate solvent and ensure the filter is completely dry before reinstalling. Check the air intake housing for cracks or loose connections that could allow unfiltered air to bypass the filter, and secure any clamps or fasteners to manufacturer specifications. After replacement or cleaning, run the engine briefly to confirm smooth operation and verify that the air-fuel mixture remains balanced.
Carburetor adjustments and tuning require careful attention to detail and adherence to specified settings for optimal performance. Start with the idle speed and mixture screws in accordance with the service manual, and adjust in small increments, allowing the engine to reach operating temperature between changes. If the engine stalls when under load or runs lean or rich, reassess the idle, high-speed, and low-speed adjustments as well as the condition of the fuel lines and primer bulb. Ensure the carburetor is clean, the jets are unobstructed, and gaskets are intact to prevent air leaks that can disrupt mixture stability. When making adjustments, document the exact screw positions and RPM readings to provide repeatable results during future servicing. Perform a brief test run across a range of throttle positions to verify sustained performance and absence of hesitation or backfiring.
Fuel quality and storage recommendations emphasize using fresh, clean gasoline and the correct oil-to-fuel ratio if applicable. Ethanol-containing fuels can cause phase separation, gum deposits, and varnish formation; if possible, use gasoline with the lowest permissible ethanol content and stabilize fuel if storage exceeds a typical 30-day period. Store fuel in approved containers away from heat sources and direct sunlight, and label the container with contents and date. When replacing fuel, inspect the tank venting, fuel lines, and fuel filter for signs of aging or degradation, replacing components as needed to prevent leaks or air ingress. Finally, follow a strict maintenance window for cleaning carburetors and replacing fuel filters to maintain optimal engine performance and prevent costly repairs.
The drive belt system on the CRAFTSMAN 917.270514 lawn tractor is critical for transferring engine power to the drive system and ensuring smooth operation. Begin by inspecting the belt for signs of wear, cracking, glazing, fraying, or missing segments. Remove the rear access panel and visually examine the belt along its full length while the engine is off and the spark plug is disconnected for safety. If any irregularities are found, replace the belt with the recommended OEM part, ensuring the belt type and size match the original specifications. When reinstalling, route the belt according to the original path, paying careful attention to grooves and pulley teeth to prevent premature wear. After installation, manually rotate the drive components to confirm free movement without binding or misalignment, and reassemble all panels securely to protect the belt from debris.
Pulley alignment is essential to prevent uneven wear, belt slipping, or failure. Start by inspecting the pulleys for wear, grooves, or damage, and ensure that each pulley is properly seated on its shaft with any retaining fasteners tightened to the specified torque. Misalignment can often be detected by a slight lateral wobble or by a belt that tracks off-center. Use a straightedge or alignment tool to verify that the pulleys are co-planar and that the belt tracks centrally along its run. If misalignment is observed, adjust the mounting brackets or reposition pulleys as required, then recheck all fasteners and securements. After alignment, re-tension the belt to the recommended specification and verify smooth operation by rotating the drive system by hand. Do not operate the tractor until all guards and covers are reinstalled.
Proper floor and deck belt safety is a fundamental consideration to prevent objects from becoming projectiles or causing injury. Before any service, disconnect the ignition switch and remove the spark plug cap to eliminate accidental starting. Inspect the floor deck area and surrounding components for debris, damaged covers, or loose hardware that could interfere with belt operation. When working near belts, wear eye protection and gloves, and avoid loose clothing that could catch on moving parts. After maintenance, perform a functional test at low engine speed to ensure the belt engages and sustains torque without excessive noise or vibration, and verify that belt guards and protective shrouds are reinstalled correctly. Regular maintenance intervals should be documented, with attention to belt condition, pulley wear, and alignment to prolong service life and prevent unscheduled downtime.
The CRAFTSMAN 917.270514 mower system relies on a precisely aligned deck and cutting system to deliver even, efficient mowing performance. Proper maintenance of the deck and cutting components not only extends blade life and spindle service intervals but also helps prevent vibration, uneven cutting, and potential safety hazards. Begin with a clean workspace, secure the mower on a stable surface, and disconnect the spark plug if applicable to ensure complete safety during inspection and service. Familiarize yourself with the deck assembly and the location of the spindle housings, pulleys, belts, and blade adapters before performing any removal or inspection procedures. Always consult the manufacturer’s specifications for torque values and recommended clearances to avoid over-tightening or misalignment during reassembly.
Deck removal and reinstallation requires careful attention to alignment and support. Start by disengaging the cutting blades and removing the belt from the mower deck pulleys, which reduces the risk of entanglement during removal. Support the deck with the appropriate lifting device or jacks, ensuring it is stable before disconnecting any fasteners. When removing the deck, take note of the position of shims, spacers, and any linkage connections to the mower frame, as these elements are critical for proper reinstallation. During reinstall, visually verify that the deck sits level relative to the mower chassis and that all mounting points align with their holes to prevent misalignment that could impact cutting quality or belt tension. After reinstalling, test belt tension and verify smooth operation of the idler pulleys, then reengage the blade drive belt according to the standard belt routing shown in the service paperwork.
Blade inspection and sharpness guidelines are essential for achieving a clean cut and maintaining motor efficiency. Inspect each blade for signs of nicks, cracks, and corrosion, and remove any damaged blades from service. Measure blade sharpness by checking the edge for a uniform bevel and absence of burrs; if sharpening is required, follow the original bevel angle specified for the mower model to preserve balanced rotation and reduce vibration. Replace blades in pairs on opposite sides of the spindle to maintain balanced cutting forces, and always reinstall with the mark facing outward to ensure correct orientation. Balance blades after sharpening by spinning them on a balancing arbor or using a simple clip-on balance method to prevent uneven rotation that could cause excessive vibration and bearing wear. After reinstallation, test run the deck to confirm smooth operation and verify that the blades engage fully without rubbing against the deck or spindle housings.
Spindle and bearing service involves checking spindle housings, seals, and bearing play to prevent premature failure and cutting malfunctions. Inspect spindle shafts for straightness and surface damage, and examine bearings for smooth rotation with no roughness, play, or unusual noises. If bearings feel gritty or exhibit side-to-side looseness, they should be replaced, and it is prudent to inspect associated seals for leaks or signs of contamination. When servicing spindles, remove the blade and belt drive components to gain full access, then clean all debris from the spindle shaft and mounting surfaces before reassembly. Reassemble with manufacturer-recommended lubrication or grease, ensuring seals are properly seated and that all mounting bolts are torqued to the specified values to maintain proper alignment and prevent leakage. After reassembly, verify that the spindle spins freely by hand and that there is no contact between the spindle and blade adapters when the deck is rotated by hand.
Radiator and cooling fan service: The cooling system is critical to maintaining engine performance and preventing overheating during operation. Begin with a visual inspection of the radiator core for signs of corrosion, bent fins, or debris buildup that can impede airflow. Check the radiator hoses for cracks, bulges, or leaks, and replace any damaged hoses to prevent coolant loss. When servicing the cooling fan, verify that the fan blades are intact and free from cracks, and ensure the mounting hardware is secure to avoid fan imbalance. Clean the cooling fins gently with a soft brush or compressed air, taking care not to bend or damage the delicate fins, which can reduce cooling efficiency. Refill the coolant to the proper specification, and bleed air from the system if required by the model, ensuring the engine reaches its normal operating temperature without signs of air pockets or overheating.
Air intake and exhaust considerations: Proper air intake is essential for optimal combustion and engine efficiency. Inspect the air filter element for excessive dirt, damage, or compression, and replace it if necessary to maintain adequate air flow. Check the air intake ducts for cracks or loose connections that could allow unfiltered air or contaminants to enter the engine, and reseal or replace components as needed. Ensure the exhaust system is free of obstructions and securely mounted, with no exhaust leaks that could affect performance or trigger warning indicators. When servicing air intake components, verify that any sensors or control modules are clean and properly connected, as a dirty or loose connection can cause erratic engine behavior or reduced fuel efficiency. Document any service performed and use manufacturer-approved parts to preserve emission performance and fuel economy expectations.
Emission control component checks: Emission control systems are designed to minimize pollutant output and maintain compliance with environmental standards. Begin by inspecting the exhaust after-treatment devices for secure mounting and signs of degradation, such as coating deterioration or heat damage. Check vacuum lines and hoses connected to emission control components for cracks, tears, or disconnections, replacing any damaged segments to prevent leaks that could compromise system efficiency. Evaluate the operation of sensors and actuators involved in the emission system, ensuring electrical connections are clean, tight, and free from corrosion. If a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been retrieved, follow the approved procedure to interpret the code and identify the faulty component, performing calibrated resets only after the repair is completed. Finally, use the recommended fuel and oil specifications, as incorrect choices can negatively affect emission performance and long-term reliability of the engine and its emission control subsystems.
The hydraulic and transmission systems in the CRAFTSMAN 917.270514 require careful attention to fluid quality, proper filtration, and correct service intervals to maintain optimal performance. Begin by verifying the manufacturer's recommended hydraulic fluid specification, ensuring the fluid type matches viscosity ratings and compatibility with internal seals and hoses. Use only clean, uncontaminated fluid during top-offs or replacements, and avoid mixing fluids from different formulations which can compromise lubrication and seal integrity. When handling hydraulic reservoirs, inspect for signs of corrosion or pitting around the fill neck and cap seals, and replace any compromised components to prevent contamination ingress. Maintain a clean work area and use clean containers to prevent dirt entry into the hydraulic system during service to uphold peak system reliability.
Regular filter replacement and reservoir inspection are essential to keep debris and wear particles from circulating through the pump and valves. Establish a maintenance schedule that includes inspecting the reservoir for sediment buildup, cloudiness, or foaming, as these can indicate fluid degradation or air entrainment. Replace hydraulic filters at the intervals specified by the service manual, and always purge the system of old fluid before introducing new material to avoid mixing contaminants with fresh lubricant. When reinstalling filters, confirm proper seating and torque to the manufacturer’s recommendations to prevent leaks and ensure effective filtration. After filter service, check for any signs of leakage around seals and gaskets, and address them promptly to maintain hydraulic pressure and system efficiency.
For the transmission oil level check and service, refer to the correct dipstick procedure and vehicle-type orientation to obtain an accurate reading. Park the machine on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and allow the engine to cool if required by the manual before checking the oil. Use the recommended transmission oil grade and avoid overfilling, which can cause foaming and hydraulic inefficiency, or underfilling, which can lead to overheating and accelerated wear. Inspect the transmission oil for clarity and odor; a burnt smell or dark, gritty residue can indicate internal wear or contamination that necessitates further diagnosis or oil changes. During service, clean the fill plug area and cap to prevent dirt ingress, and replace the gasket if a new plug is installed to maintain a proper seal and prevent leaks.
Diagnostics and troubleshooting guide
When servicing the CRAFTSMAN 917.270514, begin with a systematic approach to identify the root cause of performance issues. Start by gathering user-reported symptoms, operator observations, and any recent maintenance history. Documenting fuel type, maintenance intervals, and environmental conditions helps correlate symptoms with probable underlying faults. A methodical, repeatable process minimizes unnecessary part replacements and reduces downtime during repair. Always ensure safety procedures are followed, including disconnecting power sources and securing the equipment before inspecting moving parts or electrical components. A clean, well-lit work area facilitates accurate inspection of bolts, belts, and connections for signs of wear or damage.
Symptom to likely causes: Common issues such as failure to start, rough running, loss of power, or abnormal noises can stem from fuel problems, ignition faults, or air intake restrictions. A no-start condition often points to stale fuel, a clogged fuel filter, a bad spark plug, or a faulty ignition coil. If the engine runs intermittently or stalls under load, inspect the air filter, carburetor adjustments, and intake manifold for leaks. Knocking or pinging noises may indicate detonation, incorrect spark timing, or pre-ignition due to contaminated fuel. Excessive smoke, particularly blue or black, can reveal oil burning, rich fuel mixture, or clogged exhaust passages. Use these symptom triggers to guide the diagnostic path, not as final conclusions. Collect baseline measurements for fuel pressure, compression, and ignition voltage to validate suspected faults.
Step by step diagnostic procedures: Begin with a visual inspection to identify obvious defects such as loose belts, damaged wiring harnesses, or cracked rubber hoses. Next, perform a functional test of the starting system, including battery condition, terminals, and safety interlocks, to confirm proper engagement. For engines exhibiting fuel-related symptoms, drain a sample of fuel and inspect for contamination, then replace the fuel filter and inspect the carburetor or fuel injectors as appropriate. Conduct a compression test to determine cylinder integrity; low compression indicates internal mechanical wear or a failed gasket. Inspect the air intake system, including the air filter, ducting, and carburetor throat, for blockages or leaks, and clean or replace components as needed. When electrical systems are involved, measure ignition timing, verify coil spark, and inspect electrical connectors for corrosion or loose grounds. Conclude the procedure by reassembling, performing a test run, and confirming that all safety interlocks reset correctly and that the machine operates within expected rpm and torque ranges.
When to replace major components: Major components should be considered for replacement when measurements consistently fall outside specification ranges or when multiple symptomatic indicators converge on a single part. Replace the spark plug if insulation is damaged, there is excessive electrode wear, or evidence of fouling despite cleaning. Ignition coils should be replaced if the compression test is normal but there is no spark or inconsistent timing. The carburetor or fuel system assembly may require replacement if fuel delivery is erratic, float level is incorrect, or internal corrosion prevents proper metering. If compression is consistently low across cylinders, evaluate the piston rings, cylinder walls, or head gasket for wear or failure, and consider a top-end overhaul. Belts and pulleys should be replaced when they show glazing, cracking, or fraying. Finally, if electrical harnesses or safety interlocks display signs of extensive corrosion or physical damage, replacement of the affected modules is warranted to restore reliable operation and operator safety.
Storage, transport, and end of life
Proper storage practices are essential to preserve the performance and longevity of the outdoor power equipment. Before placing the unit into storage, ensure the fuel system is addressed to prevent gum and varnish buildup in the carburetor. Run the engine until the fuel in the carburetor bowl is depleted, or use a fuel stabilizer as recommended by the manufacturer. Clean the exterior of the machine to remove dirt, debris, and sap that can hold moisture and promote corrosion. Store the equipment in a dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and moisture intrusion to minimize rust and material fatigue over time.
Transport considerations and safety are critical to prevent damage to the machine and to protect operators. When loading or unloading, secure the unit with appropriate support stands or straps to prevent shifting, tipping, or accidental falls. Use transport ramps that meet the weight and width specifications of the machine, and avoid abrupt starts or stops that can jar internal components. Disconnect any accessories or implements that could move during transit, and ensure the spark plug boot is insulated to prevent accidental electric shock or shorting of the ignition system. If transporting in a vehicle, provide ample ventilation for fuel vapors and keep the fuel cap sealed to minimize leaks and odors.
Disposal and recycling guidelines are important for environmentally responsible end-of-life handling. Do not dispose of fluids such as fuel, oil, or coolant in household drains; follow local regulations for proper collection and disposal. Used or degraded oils, filters, and contaminated parts should be taken to an approved recycling or hazardous waste facility in accordance with regional environmental guidelines. Before recycling, drain fluids into approved containers and label them clearly for collection. Any metal components should be recycled where facilities exist, while non-recyclable materials must be disposed of according to local waste management policies. Proper documentation, where required, can help ensure that all waste streams are tracked from the machine to the disposal site.
To extend the life of the equipment during storage, perform a routine check for signs of corrosion on metal surfaces, seals, and fasteners. Apply a light coat of lubricant to moving parts that are susceptible to rust, and replace any deteriorated gaskets or seals before returning the unit to service. Ensure batteries, if present, are stored per the manufacturer’s recommendations, monitoring charge levels periodically to prevent sulfation or discharge. Finally, create a simple maintenance log that records storage conditions, inspection findings, and any parts replacements, so future handling can proceed with the same level of care and reliability.
Appendix and reference materials
The Appendix and reference materials provide essential information to support accurate maintenance and repair of the CRAFTSMAN 917.270514. This section consolidates torque specifications, lubricant and fluid compatibility, and the locations of schematics and diagrams. Having these resources readily available helps technicians verify procedures, ensure correct fastener torque, and select the appropriate lubricants for each subsystem. It also aids in quickly locating electrical and mechanical diagrams that illuminate complex assemblies during diagnostics and repairs. A thorough understanding of these references reduces the risk of improper service and enhances overall equipment longevity.
Torque specifications quick reference is designed to deliver precise values for fasteners throughout the machine. It is important to apply the recommended torque to prevent under-tightening, which can lead to component movement or vibration, and to avoid over-tightening, which can cause thread damage or part failure. When using a torque spec, consider the fastener size, thread type, material hardness, and whether a threadlocker or lubricant is recommended by the manufacturer. Always verify the operation of safety interlocks and moving parts after torquing critical fasteners to ensure proper function. The quick reference should be consulted before reassembly after a disassembly or when replacing any structural component to maintain alignment and performance standards.
Lubricant and fluid compatibility outlines the types of oils, greases, and fuels suitable for different subsystems. Correct lubrication minimizes wear, reduces friction, and extends service intervals. It is essential to match viscosity and additive package to environmental conditions and operating temperatures, as specified by the manufacturer. Pay attention to any seal compatibility notes, as incompatible lubricants can cause seal swelling or degradation. When replacing fluids, ensure complete drainage of old contaminants and use fresh, approved products in the exact quantities required to maintain system pressure and cooling efficiency. Proper labeling and storage of lubricants prevent cross-contamination and preserve the integrity of the maintenance program over time.
Schematics and diagram locations identify where to find electrical, fuel, and mechanical diagrams within the service literature or the machine itself. These diagrams are invaluable for tracing circuits, understanding wiring harness routing, and diagnosing abnormal readings. Knowing the exact location of a diagram reduces downtime and minimizes the risk of misinterpretation during repair. When working with schematics, cross-check component part numbers, connector types, and color-coding to ensure accurate identification. If a diagram is missing or unclear, consult the manufacturer’s updated resources or service bulletin to obtain the correct version. Keeping a current set of diagrams accessible supports efficient troubleshooting and ensures that repairs adhere to original design specifications.